Battle of Kwajalein in World War II

Battle of Kwajalein in World War II The Battle of Kwajalein occurred January 31 to February 3, 1944 in the Pacific Theater of World War II (1939-1945). Moving forward from victories in the Solomons and Gilbert Islands in 1943, Allied forces sought to penetrate the next ring of Japanese defenses in the central Pacific. Attacking into the Marshall Islands, the Allies occupied Majuro and then commenced operations against Kwajalein. Striking at both ends of the atoll, they succeeded in eliminating the Japanese opposition after brief but fierce battles. The triumph opened the way for the subsequent capture of Eniwetok and a campaign against the Marianas.   Background In the wake of the American victories at Tarawa and Makin in November 1943, Allied forces continued their island-hopping campaign by moving against Japanese positions in Marshall Islands. Part of the Eastern Mandates, the Marshalls were originally a German possession and were awarded to Japan after World War I. Considered part of the outer ring of Japanese territory, planners in Tokyo decided after the loss of the Solomons and New Guinea that the islands were expendable. With this in mind, what troops were available were shifted to the area to make the islands capture as costly as possible. Japanese Preparations Led by Rear Admiral Monzo Akiyama, Japanese forces in the Marshalls consisted of the 6th Base Force which initially numbered approximately 8,100 men and 110 aircraft. While a sizable force, Akiyamas strength was diluted by the need to spread his command over the entirety of the Marshalls. In addition, many of Akiyamas troops were labor/construction details or naval forces with little ground combat training. As a result, Akiyama could only muster around 4,000 effectives. Believing the assault would strike one of the outlying islands first, he positioned the bulk of his men on Jaluit, Mili, Maloelap, and Wotje. In November 1943, American airstrikes began whittling down Akiyamas air power, destroying 71 aircraft. These were partially replaced over the next several weeks by reinforcements flown in from Truk. On the Allied side, Admiral Chester Nimitz originally planned a series of assaults on the outer islands of the Marshalls, but upon learning of Japanese troop dispositions through ULTRA radio intercepts altered his approach. Rather than strike where Akiyamas defenses were strongest, Nimitz directed his forces to move against Kwajalein Atoll in the central Marshalls. Armies Commanders Allies Rear Admiral Richmond K. TurnerMajor General Holland M. Smithapprox. 42,000 men (2 divisions) Japanese Rear Admiral Monzo Akiyamaapprox. 8,100 men Allied Plans Designated Operation Flintlock, the Allied plan called for Rear Admiral Richmond K. Turners 5th Amphibious Force to deliver Major General Holland M. Smiths V Amphibious Corps to the atoll where Major General Harry Schmidts 4th Marine Division would assault the linked islands of Roi-Namur while Major General Charles Corletts 7th Infantry Division attacked Kwajalein Island. To prepare for the operation, Allied aircraft repeatedly struck Japanese airbases in the Marshalls through December. This saw B-24 Liberators stage through Baker Island to bomb a variety of strategic targets including the airfield on Mili. Subsequent strikes saw A-24 Banshees and B-25 Mitchells mount several raids across the Marshalls. Moving into position, US carriers began a concerted air offensive against Kwajalein on January 29, 1944. Two days later, US troops captured the small island of Majuro, 220 miles to the southeast, without a fight. This operation was conducted by the V Amphibious Corps Marine Reconnaissance Company and 2nd Battalion, 106th Infantry.    Coming Ashore That same day, members of the 7th Infantry Division landed on small islands, dubbed Carlos, Carter, Cecil, and Carlson, near Kwajalein to establish artillery positions for the assault on the island. The next day, the artillery, with additional fire from US warships, including USS Tennessee (BB-43), opened fire on Kwajalein Island. Pummeling the island, the bombardment allowed the 7th Infantry to land and easily overcome the Japanese resistance. The attack was also aided by the weak nature of the Japanese defenses which could not be built in depth due to the islands narrowness.   Fighting continued for four day with the Japanese mounting nightly counterattacks. On February 3, Kwajalein Island was declared secure. Roi-Namur At the north end of the atoll, elements of the 4th Marines followed a similar strategy and established fire bases on islands dubbed Ivan, Jacob, Albert, Allen, and Abraham. Attacking Roi-Namur on February 1, they succeeded in securing the airfield on Roi that day and eliminated Japanese resistance on Namur the next day. The largest single loss of life in the battle occurred when a Marine threw a satchel charge into a bunker containing torpedo warheads. The resulting blast killed 20 Marines and wounded several others. Aftermath The victory at Kwajalein broke a hole through the Japanese outer defenses and was a key step in the Allies island-hopping campaign. Allied losses in the battle numbered 372 killed and 1,592 wounded. Japanese casualties are estimated at 7,870 killed/wounded and 105 captured. In assessing the outcome at Kwajalein, Allied planners were pleased to find that the tactical changes made after the bloody assault on Tarawa had bore fruit and plans were made to attack Eniwetok Atoll on February 17. For the Japanese, the battle demonstrated that beachline defenses were too vulnerable to attack and that defense in-depth was necessary if they hoped to stop Allied assaults.

Research and theories of sleep essays

Research and theories of sleep essays To talk about a concept, we must first be clear on its definition. Psychologists describe sleep as an altered state of consciousness. It is a resting state in which an individual becomes relatively quiescent and relatively unaware of the environment. During sleep, which is in part a period of rest and relaxation, most physiological functions such as body temperature, blood pressure, and rate of breathing and heartbeat decrease. The amount of sleep needed depends on both the individual and the environment. With the invention of the Electroencephalogram or an EEG as it is more commonly known has made it possible to monitor the brain's electrical activity. The EEG picks up and records electrical activity through electrodes attached to the scalp. The reading of a waking person is clearly different than that of a sleeping person. The EEG pattern of our brain during waking periods is very rapid, irregular and low on voltage. This means that many neurons are firing at different intervals and at different times, with different strengths too. This type of irregular electrical activity in the brain during wakefulness is called beta waves or beta activity. When we are relaxed, sitting in the sofa watching T.V. without any mental arousal, the EEG records a waveform called alpha waves or alpha activity, slower than beta waves. These two waves (alpha and beta) represent the irregular firing pattern of large areas of the brain. Brain activity is desynchronised while in alpha and beta activity. Sleep on the other hand is not a random process; instead, it is a very organized one. Through EEG readings Sleep has been separated into five stages. Stage 1-4 (non-REM sleep) followed finally by REM sleep. Once REM sleep is achieved, the cycle reverses itself and goes back though stages IV, III, II and again to III, IV and REM. Throughout the night, this cycle occurs at 90 to 100 minute intervals. ...

MGMT458 U1 IP AVON Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MGMT458 U1 IP AVON - Research Paper Example At that point, it goes on. It weighs in at 249 words that blanket everything from surpassing contenders to expanding shareholder quality to battling breast disease. Its incredible to do numerous essential things at the same time, yet your Mission statement ought to give workers and the globe at large with one or two key objectives that characterize accomplishment in your universe. In the event that one cannot get that into a sentence or two, backpedal and attempt once more. This is not a Mission essay it is a Mission Statement. The company should Attempt to total up your whole organizations mission in one or two sentences. It should Consider it thusly: its Mission Statement, at its best, ought to have the capacity to twofold as its slogan. Compact Mission Statements are additionally more memorable and powerful. Therefore, there is no compelling reason to make it excessively complicated; simply state the motivation behind your organization, your explanation behind beginning it in any case. No, mission statements can—and ought to have that hopeful twist, yet they should serve a true need. There are four key components found in successful Statement: Value, Inspiration, Plausibility, and Specificity. In several short sentences, the company ought to have the capacity to pass on the estimation of the organization, why its brand exists, rouse and empower your workers, sound totally sensible and possible, and be as particular and relevant as could be expected under the circumstances. The company should discover a key subject for its organization, and verify each of these segments rotate around it. Moreover, Mission statements might be fiercely not quite the same as one organization to the next. The thought here is to pick whether you need your organizations announcement to reflect its transient objectives or its long haul yearnings. Make sure to pick stand

Loyalty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Loyalty - Essay Example Marketing has become one of the most important disciplines in business administration. The level of success an organization achieves depends on its ability to satisfy the needs of the customers by providing products and service they seek at reasonable prices that add value. A strategy that many multinational corporations have pursued for many create a brand image that will help companies achieve customer loyalty. Customer loyalty can be defined as a deeply held commitment to re-buy or repatronize a preferred product or service in the future despite situational influences and marketing efforts having the potential to cause switching behavior (Kotler, 2002, p.294). This paper examines the concept of loyalty in order to evaluate the statement there is no such thing as customer loyalty anymore. Customer loyalty is key business strategy utilized to increase the levels of customer retention within a firm. A high customer retention rate adds value to a company because these customers represent future stream of revenues that the company can achieve with minimal marketing investment. There is a basic marketing rule that states that 80% of a company’s sales come from 20% of their customers (About, 2009). This implies that building a solid foundation of customer is extremely important for the long term success of a company. The stronger the sense of loyalty a customer feels towards the product of a company, the less likely this individual will purchase the goods or services from a competitor. A marketing quantitative analysis performed by Hughes (2009) of Fast Lube Corporation revealed that the longer a customer is retained the more the person spends annually with the company. One of the basis reasons marketing exist is to help a firm increase its sales totals. The sales of a company increase if the company is able to growth its customer base or if the

Week 5 assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Week 5 - Assignment Example The cultural change that was introduced in the company turned around its near bankruptcy position with the assumption of Ricardo Semler, Antonio Semler’s son, a Harvard educated man. He implemented drastic change upon assumption as the new CEO of Semler. Upon assumption as the new CEO, Ricardo Semler fired two-thirds of the top management of Semler & Company and that included many close friends of his father. This would not have been possible under his father because Antonio Semler did not separate work from his personal relationships. The new set-up of the company was also a socially responsible to do to save the company and to introduce a new kind of company culture which is a total departure of the old autocratic style of leadership of the company. The young Semler felt that the old autocratic leadership thwarted people’s motivation and creativity. Thus, he decided that the authority to make decisions at Semco to be more evenly distributed to be more responsive and competitive in a globalized economy. In the process, he dismantled the rigid bureaucracy and structure of the company to make it more flexible based on the new three values of the company – employee participation, profit sharing and free flow of information. And to emphasize the change, even the name of the company was changed from Semler & Company to Semco. There were a lot of changes that can be considered drastic if it will be compared to the old leadership. Strategy wise, among them product was product diversification and the creati on of Nucleus of Technological Innovation (NTI). Leadership and ethical perspective was also changed to democratic and participatory to the point that employees can already direct themselves- set their own budget, even their own salaries and even the hiring and firing decision of both employees and managers and above all to make the company a professional and ethical business

Buying a Whore by Anne Sexton

Buying a Whore by Anne Sexton Feminism is a movement that opposes women inferiority and promotes equality among men and women. It moves away from logo centrism and phallocentrism or seeing the world and its people from patriarchal lens. Feminists shed light upon womens contributions throughout history which were never taken account as significant and reject sexism in writings. Therefore they bring women from the position of invisibility to visibility through their works and protests. Feminist literary criticism deconstruct works by men which usually promotes the idea( ideology) of patriarchy and male dominance over women. Feminist criticism disturb the complacent certainties of patriarchal culture and crate a less oppressive climate for women writers and readers (Selden 128). Men wrote literary texts for example for themselves and on behalf of women as well. Thus, men hold power by strengthening the ideologies within literary texts to dominate women and prove men worthier than womenfolk . For an example women as objects whereas men are subjects. Feminists then deconstruct these texts to show readers that these were mere men made ideologies, which were not biological but socially constructed; and the dichotomous comparison between these two genders were created by men as well. Feminism movement was not confined within literary texts only but also, economics, politics and religion. The critical project of Feminist critics is thus concerned with uncovering the contingencies of gender as a cultural, social and political construct and instrument of domination Furthermore, through feminists critics like Simone De Beauvoir, we came to realize One is not born a woman one becomes one. Therefore femininity and masculinity are never natural but socially constructed. First wave feminism paid importance to the right to vote for women as equal as men (women suffrage movement). These were mostly middle class women who started to enter public domain for jobs due to World War I. The Second Wave feminism focused on not merely political rights. Their quests were much broader, for example womens right to vote, advancement in carrier, social and economical equality and their right to determine their own lives separate from men. However when the Third Wave Feminism rose up, they critiqued the second wave feminists as being not feminist enough for they universalized womens feelings, backgrounds and experiences. Thus out of Third Wave Feminism different groups of feminism were born discussing and shedding light on the various obstacles and experiences felt by women around the globe. Post feminism on the other hand did not stop from looking into feminism but also other genders as well such as men, lesbians, gays, bisexuals and so forth. When we examine the poem Buying the Whore by Anne Sexton using Feminism (Feminist Literary Criticism), we realize that the poem is about a whore also known as prostitute from the patriarchal lenses. A whore( prostitute) is a person, usually a woman who sells sex service for men to earn a living which is usually meager Whore means prostitute. And a prostitute is a woman who offers to hire her body for indiscriminate sexual intercourse, or so says The Concise Oxford Dictionary (Pheterson 39). Though the poet is a woman , the persona who degrades the whore is a man. Thus, from a feminist point of view it is true that majority men do look down upon women as the weaker sex. Throughout the poem Buying the Whore, from feminist perspective we can clearly see that whore was being objectified and was not treated as a subject with human feelings. For example the whore was compared to a roast beef, boat, glass, grate and finally the bra in the entire poem. The whore thus becomes an object of pleasure for men to satisfy their lusts and nothing more than that. Description of the whore in this poem, no doubt is from the view of phallocentrism. Phallocentrism means The privileging of the masculine (the phallus) in understanding meaning or social relations (cla.purdue.edu). Sadly, none of the whores point of view were given in the entire poem. Her thoughts, her feelings and her situation were all left out. According to French Feminsit Luce Irigaray, language is so gender bias and phallo centric that whatever characteristics that men think about women then leads women into mimicry and thus the position of mastery was formed(Rivkin and Ryan 795) and women objectified. Hence it is true through this poem that women( whores ) are treated as objects and described as things with no feelings to convey. Therefore Second Wave feminists, said that it is important to pay great attention or detail when reading any text that is soiled by patriarchal notions. By doing so, one can undo the phallocentrism within texts. For example Luce Irigaray stated that the retroactive impact of the end of each word, utterance or sentence upon its beginning must be taken into consideration in order to undo the power of its teleological effect, including its deferred actions (Rivkin and Ryan 797). Nevertheless, in my opinion, there is a flaw in the Second Wave feminists concept of undoing language that was contaminated by sexism. First of all it is very hard to reverse or change language that is dominated by male perspectives because we are all entrenched with patriarchal ideology for our entire lives. This is because from the past till now, writings in the literary world are dominated by men .Deconstructing patriarchal supporting texts and creating new feminists texts suggested by French feminist can be problematic as well. Producing text in gynocentric manner can lead to disagreement from feminists around the world as universalizing their experiences and their voices and even essentialize femininity. Second Wave feminism fail to take account the diversity of womens experiences all over world and their context. For example race, class, ethnography and geography of women.Non-sexist language and gynocentric language are criticized for underestimating the significance of gender asymmetry in language and for oversimplifying the relationship between language and corporeality (Bondi 245). Feminist reading, of the poem, Buying the Whore by Anne Sexton through tells us that the whore is commodified with having sign value attached to her. For example,The whore was purchased , rented, and paid by the persona for sexual services. According to Luce Irigaray in her article women on the Market , women were commodification exchanged by men among men to create a homosocial bonds between men. The exchange of women established relationships between men; the old family system was essentially homosexual (Rivkin and Ryan 800). However in the poem, the purchasing, renting and paying of the whore did not create a homosocial bond, yet the transaction of cash were indeed among men; pimp and the customer. You are a boat I have rented by the hour and I steer you with my rage until you run aground Besides that throughout the entire poem, there are no signs or words of the whore involving in the negotiation of price for the sexual service . This definitely strengthens the idea of the feminists that women indeed have no say in her own sign value and is invisible in literary world. Next, compared to a virgin or a wife, a whores value stoops way below for they are said to sell their honor in change for cash. Whores according to society fail to assume their role as the submissive, pure women or the Angel in the house.Whore dishonor is in part whore failure to fit the traditional wife role in marriage (Pheterson 53). So they face more chances of abuse through their customers and social stigmatization. A prostitute then becomes one who sells her honor by offering to hire her body for base gain or for an unworthy doing, specifically sexual intercourse( Pheterson 39). Women according to feminists are discriminated by the society for just being women. Husbands, fathers, society expect women to protect and guard their purity, chastity and honor. So, a whores honor thus fall and it is irreparable. . Therefore the persona( customer ) ill treats the prostitute in the poem. He even claims to have the right over her body and does as he wishes for he had paid for the whore;the object. You are the roast beef I have purchased and I stuff you with my very own onion You are a glass that I have paid to shatter and I swallow the pieces down with my spit He shatters her and even stuff her with objects without asking her permission or taking into account her physical pain. However her experiences are never important; what was more significant and was assumed was man must be pleased, but him to please/Is womans pleasure( Ryan and Rivkin 816). Since the whore was considered as impure woman, and assumed to have unattractive features, the persona describes her in negative term such as stink and goes on to vomit into her hands further emphasizing ,a whore is degraded being who deserves ill handling. Whores are usually dirty, base and pocky, but they are also bold, impudent and brazen faced(Gowing 10). Even his own mother, the persona abuses in his poem what more the whore. You stink like my Mama under your bra and I vomit into your hand like a jackpot its cold hard quarters From most Postfeminist point of view, Buying the Whore by Anne Sexton universalizes the experiences of sex workers. Anne sexton shows to us readers that whores suffer and have no voice in determining customers they allow into their quarters. In reality not all sex workers are so vulnerable or not in position of making a choice. For example not all whore have sexual intercourse with their customers but sexual related services only. The words sexual intercourse are also inadequate to describe the work of all prostitutes. Much prostitution does not include sexual intercourse (Pheterson 41). Whores have rights to deny the customers they doubt to have disease or that might ill treat them. One whore from the United States said, If I have the slightest doubt about a guy, I refuse him (Pheterson 40). Hence, it is clear that feminism, help in understanding the meaning and give constructive criticisms towards the poem. Power dynamics can also be seen in the poem Buying the whore using feminist literary criticism. When we deconstruct the text from feminist perspective, the client has power over the female (whore) who he had purchased to satisfy his sexual lust. He has the power to stuff her with objects he wishes; steer her like a boat with force till she runs aground and break her into pieces as if she were a glass. The persona has all the power over the whore for he had paid for her service. He is depicted as this powerful being forcing his might and dominance over the whore. The whore on the other hand for example was compared to a vulnerable glass that can be shattered and boat that had to submit to its owner to his directions and steering. She is portrayed as this meek, powerless person who submits to the atrocities her male client had forced upon her. The whore was shown in the poem of not having the right over her own body or the right to have sexual pleasure. Neither as mother nor as virgin nor as prostitute has woman any right to her own pleasure (Ryan and Rivkin 808).Thus it is clear through the poem that the whore unlike any other women are said to be powerless and are oppressed by man kind. Woman is riveted into a lopsided relationship with mean; he is the one, she is the other (Shelden 129). It is valuable that feminist shed light on the oppression or the powerlessness of women . Feminism is a great literary theory in showing readers how the world especially literary texts are laden with sexism and is mostly phallocentric. Yet again there is another weakness in feminist literary theory in my view point. Like many other Second Wave Feminists, Anne Sexton (American poet) in her poem Buying the Whore has brought forth the issue oppression of the whore( woman ) and the domination of men over women. She even made her whore voiceless and powerless throughout the poem. However, by portraying women as weak and men as strong and superior being in literary work , feminist are in fact strengthening the ideologies that are ingrained within society. Feminist then without realization , reinforce the dichotomous relationship between women and men created by society. Thus in feminist literary work and criticism, women are still being described as inferior to men. There is here a danger once again of slipping back into a phallocentric system which relegates women to the margi n (Selden 143). In conclusion, I do agree to an extent that Feminism does help in providing meaning to the poem Buying a whore by Anne Sexton. Feminist Literary Criticism without doubt brings womens oppression into light and celebrate women writers and their literary contributions. This movement tries its utmost best to decenter logocentrism and phallocentrism that oppressed and suppressed women throughout history. Furthermore Feminism tries to bring about equality and avoid sexism within discourses especially in the literary word. We (especially women) have benefited tremendously from this movement and its contributions. However there are weaknesses within the approaches of Second Wave which in my opinion were being rectified by the Postfeminists. Postfeminist takes into account of the diversity of experiences among women therefore avoiding generalization, universalizing and even essentialist point of view. Furthermore, Postfeminist movement pays great importance to standpoint theory which explains that peoples experiences differ according to their situations for example class, race, ethnicity, geography and ethnography. Therefore the poem Buying the Whore can best be explained through the latter part of Feminism which is Postfeminism without discrimination in meaning or experiences.

The Effects of Jejemon Essay

Learning and teaching grammar is an important aspect of language learning. It is not enough to know how to translate words into different languages. One of the aims of language learning is to help students learn effective communication, thus learning the correct grammar is essential. As noted by many grammarians, studying a second language primarily consisted of grammatical analysis and translation of written forms. Developed for analysis of Greek and Latin, this approach divided the target language into eight parts of speech: nouns, verbs, participles, articles, pronouns, prepositions, adverbs and conjunctions. Learning the language required study of the eight categories in written text and the development of rules for their use in translation. However, when 18th century grammarians moved beyond the Greek and Roman classics and began the study of English, again using the eight categories to generate grammar rules, it became clear that the parts of speech could not be used as effectively to analyze a language in which word order and syntax produced grammatical function and where rules often had multiple exceptions. Nonetheless, this traditional approach remained the basis of instructional pedagogy in the United States and England until recently (Howatt, 1984), and is still being used in a number of countries as the primary method of English instruction. This is  particularly true for many English as foreign language (EFL) classrooms, where English is learned mainly through translation into the native language and memorization of grammar rules and vocabulary. Today, grammarians have been able to use modern pedagogical grammars for teaching and learning. Pedagogical grammars generally describe the full structural complexity of any given unit (Swan, 1995), but significant differences may emerge in the distribution of potential elements in actual discourse. As mentioned, one of the defining characteristics of a modern pedagogical grammar is that it provides descriptive information which is helpful for learners of the language. With this definition, this paper will try to compare the helpfulness of two pedagogical grammars by describing the features of transitivity of verbs and passive voice. However, with the emergence of the jejemon languages, educational authorities are trying to convey its effect on the students. According to UrbanDictionary.Com, it is anyone with a low tolerance for correct punctuation, syntax and grammar. This definition is limited to the linguistic style of Jejemons. But in reality, Jejemon is a new breed of hipsters who have developed not only their own language and written text but also their own sub-culture and fashion. For brevity, I will limit this article to Jejemon language, which for lack of grammatical â€Å"canon† on how to call it, I will call it the â€Å"Jejenese† and their alphabet, â€Å"Jejebet. The Jejenese is not just confined to Pinoy Jejemons. Just before I wrote this, I played â€Å"Warcraft† and found a European opponent who enjoys typing â€Å"jejejeje† in a very wide context, much to my disdain as he sabotages my online quests. Another group of foreign Jejemons, although their Jejemonism seems so trivial to actually classify them as Jejemons, are the Thais who type â€Å"hahaha† this way: â€Å"5555.† You will see a lot of these in your Thai friend’s Facebook status messages. Since, the number 5 translates to â€Å"ha† in Thai, as explained by my friend Pakorn Dokmai. I’m sure many of you have personal encounters with other foreign Jejemons, be in Manila or abroad. So we can assume that Jejemon is a worldwide phenomenon. Text messaging is the first ever evidence that the Jejemons are not just fictional creatures; they really emerge. They have a set of eyes (and obviously the time) that can easily decipher the word hidden in jumbled letters, alternating capitalization, over-usage of the letters H, X or Z and mixture of numeric characters and our normal alphabet. To be able to understand Jejenese or to Jejetype is definitely a skill. In a commentary, â€Å"Intellectualizing a Language,† by Dr. Ricardo Ma. Nolasco published on June 13, 2009, in the Philippine Daily Inquirer, he said that: â€Å"We will never be able to develop our languages for higher thinking unless we begin basic literacy and education in them.† With the prevalence of Jejemon, will the long process of intellectualization of our Filipino language be held back? I believe that the answer depends on one’s lenience with the Jejemons. Just as whether or not the Jejenese and the Jejebet wreak havoc on major languages depends on how one perceives Jejemonism. The Jejemons find their place in their world by finding a clan, or a regular group of people they text and talk with in Jejenese. Regardless of whether they know each other or not, they will talk to other members of these clans and even meet up with them in Jejelands (frequent hang-outs). STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 1. Where did the jejemon word came from? 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of jejemon? 3. Who are the persons involved in this state? 4. How does this method affect the other’s? 5. What are the ways to prevent its disadvantages? BODY 1. Where did the jejemon word came from? Jejemon is a pop culture phenomenon in the Philippines. According to Urban Dictionary a Jejemon is a person â€Å"who has managed to subvert the English language to the point of incomprehensibility.† The Philippine Daily Inquirer describes Jejemons as a â€Å"new breed of hipster who have developed not only their own language and written text but also their own subculture and fashion. The origins of short-handed typing was through the short messaging service, in which each text message sent by a cellphone is limited to 160  characters. As a result, an â€Å"SMS language† developed in which words were shortened in order to fit the 160-character limit. However, some jejemons are not really â€Å"conserving† characters; instead, they are lengthening their message. On April 14, 2010, on a Pinoy Tumblr, a post about vice presidential candidate Jejomar Binay indicated that he was the Jejemon’s preferred vice presidential candidate, complete with a fake poster with him called as â€Å"Jejemon Binay.† Later the use of word jejemon to refer to such people made rounds in various Filipino internet message boards. The Jejemons are said to be the new jologs, a term used for Filipinos of the lower income class. The parameters of being classified as a Jejemon are still unclear, and how the different â€Å"levels† of â€Å"Jejemonism† are reached, although there are named levels such as â€Å"mild,† â€Å"moderate† and â€Å"severe† or â€Å"terminal. The sociolect of the Jejemons, called Jejenese, is derived from English, Filipino and their code-switched variant, Taglish. It has its own, albeit unofficial, orthography, known as Jejebet, which uses the Filipino variant of the Roman alphabet, Arabic numerals and other special characters. Words are created by rearranging letters in a word, alternating capitalization, over-usage of the letters H, X or Z. Superfluous as well as the presence of silent letters characterize its spelling convention. It has similarities with Leetspeak, primarily the alphanumeric nature of its writing. 2. What are the advantages and disadvantage of jejemon? That has been the question on everybody’s mind ever since a picture of presidential aspirant Gilbert Teodoro holding a sign declaring that he would send all jejemons back to elementary school started circulating on Facebook, Twitter, and Tumblr. But even before making its debut on Urban Dictionary, the word â€Å"jejemon† has been making sporadic appearances elsewhere on the web. On Pinoy Tumblr, for instance, â€Å"jejemon† appeared on a post made on April 14 about vice-presidential candidate Jejomar Binay — complete with a fake campaign poster calling him â€Å"Jejemon Binay†. It makes an even earlier appearance on the My Ragnarok Online Forum. In a post that went up on March 14 entitled â€Å"Jejemon ka ba?†, user Deviluke points out that most jejemon wear baggy clothes and sport jejecaps – rainbow caps usually worn backwards and just placed on top of one’s head. Artuji.com points out that â€Å"jeje† enjoys popular usage among Spanish-speaking countries as a word to denote  laughter. â€Å"Jejemon† sprung from its combination with the subculture spawned by popular Asian anime, â€Å"Pokemon†. NEW POP PHENOMENON Administrators and members of Gotta Kill ‘Em All, Jejemon seem to agree that the term â€Å"jejemon† was first coined a month ago, but the behavior attributed to jejemon was around for much longer. â€Å"This kind of typing started when text messaging became famous and they used it to shorten long text messages,† says Kahel, one of the administrators of Gotta Kill ‘Em All, Jejemon. â€Å"I first encountered them in high school. Mobile messaging was the newest and hottest technological trend then,† says 24-year-old quality analyst Aldrin Fauni-Tanos. â€Å"Like dinosaurs, their existence preceded their discovery and categorization.† MAJOR IRRITANT CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY http://cellphones.about.com/od/phoneglossary/g/smstextmessage.html (http://aids.gov/using-new-media/tools/text-messaging/) http://ipod.about.com/od/iphonesoftwareterms/g/sms_definition.htm http://cellphones.about.com/od/phoneglossary/g/smstextmessage.html http://computer.howstuffworks.com/e-mail-messaging/sms.htm http://saaammieee.blogspot.com/2010/02/text-messaging-advantages-and.html http://voices.yahoo.com/advantages-disadvantages-text-messages-329419.htm http://www.ehow.com/about_4745121_advantages-text-messaging.html http://www.ask.com/question/disadvantages-of-text-messaging http://post.jagran.com/search/disadvantages-of-texting#sthash.mVyFr3Fh.dpuff http://curiosity.discovery.com/question/what-some-disadvantages-text-messaging http://elitedaily.com/news/world/disadvantages-texting/ http://www.ehow.com/info_8593619_disadvantages-text-messaging-speaking-e http://enc1102finalproject.blogspot.com/ RECOMMENDATION In this research, as the researchers, we therefore recommend that before we use to do shortcut text messaging, we should know our limitations in using it. It is better to consult first the guidance of the old ones, the persons expert of using cell phones and the persons who are involve in all technology so that it will be easy for us to know information’s about it in order to avoid it’s disadvantages. Yes, it is good to use cell phone because of the benefits that it will give unto us but come to think of the reality that it really have also some barriers that may lead us to failure in the goals that we have. Learn first on how you will manage to familiarize using the method. Such method may lead to failure on success. Lastly, we recommend to the readers to try reading this research of ours and apply the guide or rules we have research for your queries regarding the use of shortcut text messaging.

The World Tomorrow

In a dimly-lit alley filled with strewn garbage and nondescript graffiti over the walls, a magnificent sight somewhat overpowered the rather dismal scene. A bright city that was once filled with concrete buildings, stood gleaming against a dark evening sky. The building are pearly-white, sleek, patterned after many ultra-modern designs of the day. Yet the city still retained vestiges of the past, with many obsolete yet historic buildings scattered around the city. Cars still fill the busy highways in and around the city. The luxurious-looking cars are environment friendly, has the most up-to-date safety features, while remaining affordable to most of the citizens. And yet, in spite of all these advancements, the human race envisioned something better than themselves – creating artificial intelligence in order to decrease the woes of manual labor. Humans then have the power of god himself, not only creating life but also creating consciousness. This intelligence is implanted on machines that replaces manual labor that human beings usually do. Highly-efficient, low-maintenance and cheap, human life may have become marginally easier than in the past. Yet, society remains. Humans, motivated by individual will, still create problems that eventually destroys themselves. There is still much squabble of power, sphere of influence and domination over other countries. Political power becomes the forefront of every country, always trying to prove dominance Even with the disguise of modern development, the essence of society still remains as a grim reminder of the past. In twenty years, the human race would have taken a great leap forward in technology, but would have evolved slowly as a society. As long as there humans on earth, there will be always misunderstanding.

Military Service Essay Essay Example

Military Service Essay Essay Example Military Service Essay Essay Military Service Essay Essay This is why military service would be compulsory for all boys between the ages of 15- 25 who are not studying or employed. The crime rate in this country is increasing rapidly, with most of the suspects being idle young men, this problem needs to change, said Officer Tony Funnies, the head of the police force. Many young men who leave school at such a young age find it very hard to get employment; they therefore may end up stealing and getting involved in other illegal acts. Having them enrolled in military service can give them something to do which will decrease the number of boys on the streets and therefore the crime rate may also go down. By saying that this service should not be compulsory are we saying that we want the crime rate to increase and many innocent people to suffer? Military training can be defined as a process which intends to establish and improve the capabilities of military personnel in their respective roles. This means that young men who Join this training force can further their physical as well as their mental traits. A young man without proper schooling or education can gain more respect and consideration for others within a few months at this military force, Director Martin Freeman also stated in a television interview. These boys can now develop their qualities, becoming more obedient and hardworking youths. The Military Force of Trinidad and Tobago is a training school run on discipline and for those who cannot read or write , they are allowed to attend courses within the school in English and Arithmetic. This is a great opportunity for young men and should be compulsory for those not studying or involved in gainful employment because of the many qualities than can be attained while attending this military force. On completing the military training, Job opportunities become available to these young men. Even college degrees become available in a small emitted due to the fact that these young men did not attend educational schooling. Jobs such as national security officers, coast guards, police officers or even security for businesses or schools are available. If these young men who did not attend school were to miss out on an opportunity such as military training, they would not be able to find employment easily and therefore commit to a life of crime or illegal activities to enable themselves the funds to purchase food or even a place to live. Would you really want that to occur for these young men? This would cause an increase in crime and affect our country negatively. Military service and training should become compulsory for these boys because as we can see, without it, the crime rate would increase rapidly and the amount of street children would become overbearing due to the fact that they cannot help themselves develop in the world today. In Conclusion, there are many positive benefits of this service. These boys will be transformed to well behaved men and have many qualities that will help them to get further in life. They now have many opportunities and can have a brighter future compared to their life before military service. Yours Sincerely, Citizens of Concern

Free Essays on Edward Taylor

. Here is great literature that will repay slow examination, or even better, reading aloud.... Free Essays on Edward Taylor Free Essays on Edward Taylor Edward Taylor (1642-1729) was a New England Puritan. He was born in Leicestershire and became a school teacher with Puritan sympathies. After the Great Ejection, Taylor left England, studied divinity at Harvard, and eventually became minister of Westfield, Massachusetts. Taylor was a colleague of Increase Mather and Charles Chauncey, and corresponded with Richard Baxter and other divines in England. He carried on a long-running controversy with Solomon Stoddard over the Lord's Supper, Taylor taking the position later held by Edwards. Donald Stanford says, "Taylor seems to have been endowed with most of those qualities usually connoted by the word puritan. He was learned, grave, severe, stubborn, and stiff-necked. He was very, very pious. But his piety was sincere. It was fed by a long continuous spiritual experience arising, so he felt, from a mystical communion with Christ. The reality and depth of this experience is amply witnessed by his poetry." A perusal of his poetry shows that Taylor was a thorough going Calvinist. It was his custom to write a poem ("Meditation") before each Lord's Supper. They are wonderful examples of spiritual experience and devotion. Here is Reformed theology in beautiful dress. The reader who loves Puritan sermons should welcome a chance to dive into this feast of Puritan poetry. They have been minimally edited, but do not be put off by the old spelling or unfamiliar words. Here is great literature that will repay slow examination, or even better, reading aloud....

International Hospitality Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

International Hospitality Industry - Essay Example The data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and a review of archival data (Web sites, employee handbooks, newsletters, departmental forms) during 1998, 1999, and 2001. Key contacts included Gord Ahrens, former Director Employee Experience (1998, 1999) and his successor, Kirby Brown (2001). Understanding Human Resource Management: A Framework Within this section four distinct conceptions of HRM are presented: traditional HRM; integrative HRM; strategic HRM; and universal HRM. While empirical support for each of these perspectives exists, due in large measure to their degree of inter-relatedness, emerging research provides compelling support for the universal perspective. Storey (1992) explains that the concept of human resource management has attracted enormous attention and stimulated significant debate among academics and practitioners. (McGunnigle P., Jameson S., 2000, pp.403-421) Traditional HRM Traditional HRM (THRM) has its roots in personnel management. Its focus is on worker productivity through discrete HR practices such as selection, job design, and incentive pay practices (Bamberger and Meshoulam, 2000). Empirical THRM research has tended to focus on the link between these practices and various human behaviour and productivity variables (e.g. turnover, job satisfaction, labour costs). Support for this perspective has been found (see for example, Hackman and Oldham, 1980; Guzzo et al., 1985; McEvoy and Cascio, 1985; Weitzman and Kruse, 1990; Cutcher-Gershenfeld, 1991). It is also not always clear what effect first level outcomes (i.e. reduced labour costs) have on second level outcomes (e.g. product quality, sales, profits). Integrative HRM Integrative human resource... Within this section four distinct conceptions of HRM are presented: traditional HRM; integrative HRM; strategic HRM; and universal HRM. While empirical support for each of these perspectives exists, due in large measure to their degree of inter-relatedness, emerging research provides compelling support for the universal perspective. Storey (1992) explains that the concept of   human resource management has attracted enormous attention and stimulated significant debate among academics and practitioners.   (McGunnigle P., Jameson S., 2000, pp.403-421)Traditional HRM Traditional HRM (THRM) has its roots in personnel management. Its focus is on worker productivity through discrete HR practices such as selection, job design, and incentive pay practices (Bamberger and Meshoulam, 2000). Empirical THRM research has tended to focus on the link between these practices and various human behaviour and productivity variables (e.g. turnover, job satisfaction, labour costs). Support for this pe rspective has been found (see for example, Hackman and Oldham, 1980; Guzzo et al., 1985; McEvoy and Cascio, 1985; Weitzman and Kruse, 1990; Cutcher-Gershenfeld, 1991). It is also not always clear what effect first level outcomes (i.e. reduced labour costs) have on second level outcomes (e.g. product quality, sales, profits).Integrative HRM Integrative human resource management (IHRM) is also interested in the impact of various human resource practices, but focuses on their â€Å"congruency† (Beer et al., 1985).

Monitoring and Evaluating a Strategic Plan Assignment

Monitoring and Evaluating a Strategic Plan - Assignment Example In addition, this is a variable tool for managing the implementation process of a strategic plan (Bryson, 2004). It also facilitates determination of the resources that are required and those that are available in order to bridge the gap that would cause failure of the strategic plan. On the other hand, the evaluation process involves a comparison of the actual project agonist the effects of agreed strategic plan (Shapiro, 2012). Moreover, this focuses on the objectives of that should be accomplished by through the implementation process. Therefore, to Americare organization, the evaluation of their strategic plans implementation process is formative. In fact, the evaluation process facilitates improvement of the strategic plans functions. Moreover, it can be regarded summative in situation where they are learning from their fully implemented strategic plans. Nonetheless, the other aspect of strategic plan, which is monitored and evaluated is the performance, whereby a manager should keep track of the process through which various objectives are achieved (Bryson & Alston, 2005). On the other hand, the managers should sure that they are comparing the performance of the strategic plan with other completed